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Secondary 2 Mathematics · Percentages, rates and ratios

Name: ______________________

Date: ____________

1. A $60 item is discounted by 25%. What is the sale price?
- ☐ (a) $15
- ☐ (b) $45
- ☐ (c) $35
- ☐ (d) $75
2. Which multiplier increases an amount by 12%?
- ☐ (a) 0.12
- ☐ (b) 1.12
- ☐ (c) 0.88
- ☐ (d) 12
3. Simplify the ratio 2.5 : 4.
- ☐ (a) 5 : 8
- ☐ (b) 2 : 4
- ☐ (c) 1 : 2
- ☐ (d) 8 : 5
4. Which bottle of juice is the best buy?
- ☐ (a) 2 L for $3.40
- ☐ (b) 3 L for $4.80
- ☐ (c) 1 L for $1.75
- ☐ (d) 500 mL for $0.90
5. Increase 250 by 8%.
6. A shop buys a jacket for $40 and sells it for $58. What is the percentage profit?
7. Simplify the ratio 45 minutes : 2 hours.
8. A $1200 laptop is sold at a 15% loss. What is the selling price?

Answer sheet

1. $45 — A 25% decrease leaves 75%: 60 × 0.75 = $45. ($15 is the discount, not the sale price.)
2. 1.12 — 100% + 12% = 112%, which is 1.12 as a decimal.
3. 5 : 8 — Multiply both parts by 2 to remove the decimal: 5 : 8. These have no common factor, so 5 : 8 is simplest form.
4. 3 L for $4.80 — Price per litre: $1.70, $1.60, $1.75 and $1.80. The 3 L bottle is cheapest per litre.
5. 270 — Multiplier 1.08: 250 × 1.08 = 270. (8% of 250 is 20, and 250 + 20 = 270.)
6. 45% — Profit = $58 − $40 = $18. Percentage profit = 18 ÷ 40 × 100% = 45%.
7. 3 : 8 — Convert to the same unit: 2 hours = 120 minutes. 45 : 120, dividing by 15, gives 3 : 8.
8. $1020 — A 15% loss leaves 85% of the cost: 1200 × 0.85 = $1020.