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Primary 6 Science · Earthquakes, volcanoes and extreme weather

Name: ______________________

Date: ____________

1. Earth's outer rocky layer is broken into huge, slowly moving pieces called…
- ☐ (a) Tectonic plates
- ☐ (b) Magma chambers
- ☐ (c) Fault lines
- ☐ (d) Continents of lava
2. What is melted rock called once it flows out of a volcano onto the surface?
- ☐ (a) Magma
- ☐ (b) Ash
- ☐ (c) Lava
- ☐ (d) Sediment
3. An earthquake under the sea floor can cause…
- ☐ (a) A bushfire
- ☐ (b) A tsunami
- ☐ (c) A drought
- ☐ (d) A tropical cyclone
4. Why is soil more easily washed away after a bushfire?
- ☐ (a) The fire makes the soil heavier
- ☐ (b) The plants whose roots held the soil have burnt
- ☐ (c) Fires always cause rain
- ☐ (d) Ash turns the soil into rock
5. Which of these is a SLOW change to Earth's surface?
- ☐ (a) A volcano erupting
- ☐ (b) A flood washing away a bridge
- ☐ (c) Wind gradually wearing down a rock over thousands of years
- ☐ (d) An earthquake splitting a road
6. What is hot, melted rock underneath Earth's surface called?
7. The safety advice for an earthquake is 'Drop, Cover and ____ On'. What is the missing word?
8. A huge spinning storm that forms over warm tropical oceans is called a tropical c________.

Answer sheet

1. Tectonic plates — Tectonic plates move a few centimetres each year.
2. Lava — Underground it is magma; on the surface it is lava.
3. A tsunami — A sudden movement of the sea floor pushes water up and starts tsunami waves.
4. The plants whose roots held the soil have burnt — Without plants and their roots, bare soil is easily eroded by rain.
5. Wind gradually wearing down a rock over thousands of years — Weathering and erosion by wind usually take a very long time. The others happen suddenly.
6. magma — Magma becomes lava when it reaches the surface.
7. Hold — Drop to the ground, take cover under a sturdy table and hold on until the shaking stops.
8. cyclone — Tropical cyclones are also called hurricanes or typhoons in some parts of the world.